Variable output pump



y 25, 1954 H. NAESS VARIABLE OUTPUT PUMP 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed NOV. 24,1948 A TTORNE) y 1954 H. NAESS VARIABLE OUTPUT PUMP Filed Nov. 24, 19482 Sheets- -Sheet 2 m H mi N Na R g m NZ r 1 A 0.:

H w w Patented May 25, 1954 UNITED STATES PATENT oFF Ic1-:

VARIABLE OUTPUT PUMP Hallvard Naess, deceased, late of Jeloy pr. Moss,Norway, by Hjordis Naess, administratrix, Jeloy pr. Moss, NorwayApplication November 24, 1948, Serial No. 61, 803

4 Claims.

1 The present invention relates to a rotary fluid pump.

The principal object of this invention is to pro vide a pump of simpleand inexpensive construction designed for high pressure, high efficiencyand a simple and easy adjustment of the pump output.

Another important object of my invention is to provide a rotary pumpwhich is continuously adjustable from zero to maximum output.

The invention will be subsequently described with reference to theaccompanying drawing in which:

Fig. 1 shows, in cross section, a pump according to the invention, thesection being taken on line l-| of Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 illustrates a modification, one half being shown in end view andthe'other in cross section;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary longitudinal section of the pump shown in Fig.3; and

Fig. 5 shows, in cross section, a double-action pump according to theinvention.

For the purpose of illustration and to make the principle and operationof the present invention more readily understandable Figures 1 and 2illustrate a simplified embodiment of my invention while Figures 3, 4and 5 show an embodiment of my invention as it would be constructed in apractical design of same.

Referring to the drawing, there is indicated at I a pump housing havinga cylindrical bore 2 wherein there is rotatably disposed a rotor 3fitting snugly into the bore. The rotor is provided with gudgeons 4rotatably journaled inend members 5 which are secured to the end facesof the pump housing I. One of the gudgeons 4 may be coupled with asuitable source of power (not shown) for operating the pump.

The concentrically mounted cylindrical rotor 3 is provided at itsperiphery with a plurality of axially disposed channels 6, of suitablewidth and depth, each channel having parallel side walls and extendingover the entire length of the rotor. There are four channels shown inthe illustrated form of the invention being distributed about theperiphery of rotor 3, yet it will be obvious that but a single channelor any convenient number thereof may be provided.

In each channel 6 there is arranged a platelike pumping element 1 thelength and width of which corresponds to that of the channel 6 so thatthe latterwill be sealed off thereby. The

element ,1 projects at each end into a cam groove 2 8 provided in theadjacent end member 5. The cam groove 8 is circular and has aneccentricity relative to the axis-of the rotor 3 which corresponds toone-half 'the desired radial displacement of the pumping element 1.

The element 1 has, accordingly, a thickness corresponding to the widthof the cam groove 8 and an arcuate cross section conforming to thecurvature of the groove. Since the'element I, as the result of itsentrainment by the groove 8, will rotate slightly about its longitudinalaxis While executing its radial movement in the channel 6, its sideshave been given the form of cylindrical surfaces 7' which will alwaysinsure a fluid-tight lineal contact between the element 1 and the sidewalls of the channel 5.

The ends of the element 1 entering the cam groove 8 are furtherprovided. at each side with a tongue-like projection?" which abuts theend face of the rotor and prevents the passage of fluid from the channel-6 into the cam groove.

In order to avoid the development of low or high pressure in the'spaceadjacent the inner surface of an element 'L'all the channels 6communicate with one another at the bottom by suitable passages formedin the member 3, for example, by a circular recess I2 provided at one orboth ends of this member.

The pump housing I is provided with an outlet and an inlet port 9 andI0, respectively, for the pumping fluid, these ports being separatedfrom each other by radially aligned partition I l the thickness of whichis at least equal to, but preferably somewhat greater than, the width ofthe peripheral channels 6 of the rotor.

Upon rotation of the rotor '3,'for example, in a clockwise direction asviewed in Fig. 1, the pumping elements 1 will be positively controlledfrom the eccentrical cam groov'e'B so as to descend within channels 6while passing the inlet port It, thereby drawing fluid into thesechannels, and to rise in the channels while passing the outlet port 9,thereby forcing the fluid out of the latter port; this operation will bereadily understood.

The above-described construction eliminates all complicated packingmeans inasmuch as the end member 5, wherein the cam groove 8 isprotively short guide path with reference to the extent of their radialdisplacement.

When the cam grooves 8 are provided in the stationary end members 5, asdescribed above, an adjustment of the pumps output will not be possible.In order to allow for such an adjustment, the cam grooves 8 may bearranged on a packing disc or member movably mounted at each end of thepump housing and adapted to execute either a translatory movement in aplane passing through the axes of the rotor and of the cam groove or aswinging movement about a point offset from the rotor axis, or to rotateabout this axis. An embodiment of the last-mentioned type is illustratedin Figs. 3 and 4. v

In these figures, too, there is shown a pump housing I having a bore 2,a rotor 3 and gudgeons 4. If the pump is designed for high pressure, theplate-like pumping elements I are provided with plane side surfaces inorder to enlarge the seal at the channel walls. Furthermore the elements1 are provided at each end with outwardly extending angle members lawhich tightly abut the end faces of the pump housing and of the rotorand are dimensioned so as to seal oil the radially outlying portion ofthe associated channel in any position of the pumping element. Similarangle members may also be provided on the aforedescribed elements I witharcuate cross section. Figs. 3 and 4 are incapable of rotating abouttheir longitudinal axis, they are provided at each end with a pin l3carrying a roller or slider M which engages the cam groove 8, the latterbeing provided in a cam disc which is rotatably mounted on a respectivegudgeon 4 and is enclosed by the adjacent end member 5. The cam disc hasa boss I6 which projects through the end memher and has fixed thereto alever ll, IT, respectively.

Ihe levers or arms l1, Ha, extending from the two ends of the pump, arerigidly interconnected and, when rocked about their pivot, cause the twocam discs at their two ends of the pump (only one shown) to rotatesimultaneously and, thereby, to shift the eccentricity of cam grooves 8.The result thereof will be that the pumping elements I, which with thepump set for maximum output stand in their outermost and innermostpositions while moving past the partition .i! from the outlet to theinlet and from the inlet to the outlet, respectively, will no longeroccupy these extreme positions while passing the partition but will bedisplaced therefrom in dependence upon this shift in eccentricity. Acertain amount of fluid will therefore be returned from the outlet tothe inlet while, simultaneously, the quantity of fluid carried from theinlet to the outlet will be reduced by a similar amount, the distancebetween two opposite pumping elements remaining constant at all times.Thus, the shifting of the eccentricity will result in a return of aquantity of fluid which will increase at the same rate as the quantityof the forward moving fluid decreases, until the two quantities areequal and the output of the pump drops to zero.

Hence it will be possible, by displacing or rotating the memberscarrying the cam grooves, to vary the pump output in continuous mannerfrom maximum to zero and thence to maximum in the opposite directionwithout reversing the sense of rotation of the rotor.

The plate-like shape of the pumping elements enables the pump to beadapted for double ac- Since the elements I in tion by a simplearrangement which is illustrated in Fig. 5.

In this embodiment, the rotor 3 is provided with an inner bore, thusforming a sleeve with "through-going channels 6. (It will be understoodthat the portions of the rotor separated by these channels are heldtogether by suitable means, as by having part of the rotor, not seen inFig. 5, constructed in a manner similar to the rotor in Figs. 1 and 2.)The interior of the rotor is divided, by a stationary wall It alignedwith the partitions ll, into two chambers l9 and 20 which communicatewith the inlet l0 and the outlet s, respectively, by way of respectiveducts 2| and 22, as shown.

When, in this embodiment, the rotor 3 is rotated clockwise, the pumpingelements 7 will at their inner surfaces draw fluid from the chamber l9and force it into the chamber 20 while, simultaneously, rawing fluidfrom the inlet It) at their outer surfaces and forcing the latter fluidinto the outlet 9. It will be apparent that in this embodiment, too,there may be provided movable cam discs as her'einabove described.

What is claimed is:

l. A rotary fluid pump comprising a housing having an inlet and anoutlet, a cylindrical rotor having a pair of gud-geons rotatablyjournaled in said housing, said rotor being provided with at least oneaxially disposed channel with parallel side walls extending over theentire length of said cylindrical rotor, a pair of normally stationarydiscs rotatably journaled on said gudgeons, respectively, and abuttingrespective end faces of said rotor, each of said normally stationarydiscs being provided with a circular groove facing the rotor andeccentrically arranged relative to said gudgeons, a plate-like pumpingelement snugly received in said channel and provided with portions whichextend beyond said channel and are received in said grooves, saidpumping element dividing said channel into two parts. one of said partsbeing arranged to communicate alternately with said inlet and saidoutlet upon rotation of the rotor, and actuating means for swinging saiddiscs about said gudgeons so as to vary the output of said pump.

2. A rotary hydraulic pump comprising a housing having an inlet and anoutlet, said housing having internally two opposing radial barriersbetween said inlet and outlet and being open at both ends; a pair of endplates covering said open ends of said housing and being removablysecured to same, said end plates having internally an annular groovefacing said ends of said housing and extending outside the edge of theopening in same; a pair of flanged sleeves forming a bearing located onein each of said end plates and being rotatable in same with theirflanges on the inside and their sleeves extending through said endplates, concentric with same and projecting a short distance outsidesaid end plates, said flanged sleeves each having an annular cam groovein their inner faces, said cam groove being eccentric with said sleeves;a cylindrical rotor being journalled in said bearings in said flangedsleeves and being rotatable in said housing, said rotor having aplurality of external longitudinal channels cut through the entirelength of the cylindrical portion of said rotor, same also havinginternal channels communicating between said external ones; a pluralityof pumping elements located one in each of said external rotor chan nelsand extending beyond same into said an nular eccentric cam grooves insaid flanged sleeves, both ends of said pumping elements havinganti-friction bearings rolling in said annular eccentric cam grooves,and levers fastened upon the outside ends of said flanged sleeveswhereby the eccentricity of said annular cam grooves may be changed inrelation to the axis of said rotor.

3. A rotary hydraulic pump of the character described in claim 2 inwhich said pumping elements have radially and outwardly extendingflanges abutting the ends of said housing and in which said pumpingelements with said flanges are rotatable around the axis of said rotorupon an eccentric orbit determined by the adjustable eccentricity ofsaid annular eccentric cam groove in relation to said barriers.

4. A rotary hydraulic pump of the character described in claim 2 inwhich said pumping elements have radially and outwardly extendingflanges abutting the ends of said housing and in 6 which said pumpingelements with said flanges are rotatable with said rotor on an eccentricorbit in relation to the axis of the rotor, with said flanges sliding insaid annular grooves in the inside faces of said end plates.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS NumberName Date 800,765 Rogers Oct. 3, 1905 838,458 Rogers Dec. 11, 1906838,459 Rogers Dec. 11, 1906 1,051,306 Bertrand et al Jan. 21, 19131,081,810 Carey Dec. 16, 1913 1,482,807 Newberg Feb. 5, 1924 1,927,799Mann Sept. 19, 1933 2,399,990 Culver May '7, 1946 2,498,826 Ruona Feb.28, 1950

